Coumarin has long been used as a flavoring agent in foods and a scent in pharmaceutical products. Advise the patient to consult a health care provider before using herbal preparations because a treatment that has been clinically researched and proved effective may be available. Other components include melilotic acid, methyl melilotate, ethyl melilotate, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, fat, and starch. Interactions Anticoagulants: May cause excessive bleeding. Monitor liver function test results. Drugs that cause hepatotoxicity: Risk of additive toxicity. The tonka bean tree belongs to the legume family. Avoid its use in pregnant or breast-feeding patients; effects are unknown.) Adverse Reactions CV: potential cardiac effects (with large doses). Points of Interest Do not confuse this herb with the synthetic anticoagulant bishydroxycoumarin. Contraindications and Precautions Tonka bean is contraindicated in patients with underlying hepatic dysfunction because of the potential for toxicity.

Some studies have based doses on the coumarin content of the product. Reported Uses Tonka bean is claimed to relieve abdominal cramps and nausea; the fruit is also thought to act as an aphrodisiac. daily. Commentary Several tonka bean components, especialIy coumarin and 7-hydroxycoumarin, show promise as future therapeutic agents. Advise women to avoid using tonka bean during pregnancy or when breast-feeding. Actions Coumarin is metabolized within the body to 7-hydroxycoumarin, which then undergoes glucuronidation in the intestines and liver; this extensive first-pass metabolism results in a low absolute bioavailability of coumarin. The glucuronide metabolite of 7 -hydroxycoumarin appears to be inactive .Lamiaceae Common Trade bandsaw sawmill Names Tonka Bean Common Forms Tonka bean is difficult to obtain commercially; availability is rare. Extracts of tonka bean have been used as a flavoring for castor oil preparations. Source Active components are extracted from the fruits and seeds of Dipteryx odorata, a tree that is native to South America, specifically Brazil and Venezuela. Avoid administration with tonka bean.. Dosage The usual dose used is 60 mg of coumarin P.

Chemical Components The primary chemical components of tonka bean are coumarin, dihydrocoumarin, and o-coumaric acid. Both coumarin and 7-hydroxycoumarin have inhibited growth of selected types of malignant human cell lines in vitro. Because efficacy and safety data are lacking, the herb cannot be recommended for any medicinal use. Special Considerations Inform the patient that tonka bean is on the FDA's list of unsafe herbs. It is known as a folk remedy for whooping cough as well. It has shown therapeutic benefit against lymphedema in clinical trials. Avoid administration with tonka bean.Hepatic: hepatotoxicity.O

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